Installation of Oracle 10g Release 2 (10.2.0.1.0) on RedHat EL 3, 4, 5 and (Oracle) Enteprise Linux 4, 5.


This paper (HOWTO) describes step-by-step installation of Oracle 10g R2 database software on RedHat Enterprise Server 3, 4, 5 and (Oracle) Enteprise Linux 4, 5. This article is useful for Centos Linux release 3, 4 and 5 and for White Box Enterprise Linux release 3 and 4. Note that Centos and White Box distributions are not certified by Oracle Corporation.
This article does not cover database creation process, and ASM Instance creation process.

This paper covers following steps:

Pre-Instalation Tasks

1. Create oracle User Account

Login as root and create te user oracle which belongs to dba group.
su -
# groupadd dba
# useradd -g dba oracle

2. Setting System parameters
Edit the /etc/sysctl.conf and add following lines:
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 65536
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 262144
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 262144
Note: You need reboot system or execute "sysctl -p" command to apply above settings.

For RedHat (OEL, Centos, WBL) 3 and 4 versions: Edit the /etc/pam.d/login file and add following line:
session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so

For RedHat (OEL, Centos) 5 version: Edit the /etc/pam.d/login file and add following line:
session required pam_limits.so

Edit the /etc/security/limits.conf file and add following lines:
oracle    soft  nproc  2047
oracle    hard  nproc  16384
oracle    soft  nofile  1024
oracle    hard  nofile  65536

3. Creating oracle directories
# mkdir /opt/oracle
# mkdir /opt/oracle/102
# chown -R oracle:dba /opt/oracle

4. Setting Oracle Enviroment
Edit the /home/oracle/.bash_profile file and add following lines:
Use this settings for 32bit (x86) architecture.
ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/102
ORACLE_SID=ORCL
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID LD_LIBRARY_PATH PATH

Use this settings for 64bit (x86_64) architecture.
ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/102
ORACLE_SID=ORCL
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/lib32
PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID LD_LIBRARY_PATH PATH

Save the .bash_profile and execute following commands for load new enviroment:
cd /home/oracle
. .bash_profile

Download & Install

1. Download and install required .rpm packages

Some additional packages are required for succesful instalation of Oracle software. To check wheter required packages are installed on your operating system use following command: Note: Since RHEL 5 (OEL 5, Centos 5) pdksh package was renamed to ksh

For 32 bit (x86) Linux version:
rpm -q binutils gcc glibc glibc-headers glibc-kernheaders glibc-devel compat-libstdc++ cpp compat-gcc make compat-db compat-gcc-c++ compat-libstdc++ compat-libstdc++-devel setarch sysstat pdksh libaio libaio-devel --qf '%{name}.%{arch}\n'|sort

For 64 bit (x86_64) Linux version:
rpm -q binutils compat-db compat-libstdc++-33 glibc glibc-devel glibc-headers gcc gcc-c++ libstdc++ cpp make libaio ksh elfutils-libelf sysstat libaio libaio-devel setarch --qf '%{name}.%{arch}\n'|sort


Required packages for 32bit (x86) architecture:
binutils.i386
compat-gcc-7.3-2.96.128.i386
compat-gcc-c++-7.3-2.96.128.i386
compat-libstdc++-7.3-2.96.128.i386
compat-libstdc++-devel-7.3-2.96.128.i386
cpp.i386
gcc.i386
gcc-c++.i386
glibc.i386
glibc-common.i386
glibc-devel.i386
glibc-headers.i386
glibc-kernheaders.i386
libstdc++.i386
libstdc++-devel.i386
libaio
libai-devel.i386
pdksh.i386
setarch.i386
sysstat.i386


Required packages for 64bit (x86_64) architecture:
binutils.x86_64
compat-db.x86_64
compat-libstdc++-33.i386
compat-libstdc++-33.x86_64
cpp.x86_64
elfutils-libelf.i386
elfutils-libelf.x86_64
gcc-c++.x86_64
gcc.x86_64
glibc-devel.i386
glibc-devel.x86_64
glibc-headers.x86_64
glibc.i686
glibc.x86_64
ksh.x86_64
libaio-devel.i386
libaio-devel.x86_64
libaio.i386
libaio.i386
libaio.x86_64
libaio.x86_64
libstdc++.i386
libstdc++.x86_64
make.x86_64
setarch.x86_64
sysstat.x86_64


If some package is not installed then install it from installation media or download it from following locations:
RedHat Enterprise Linux 3 - source packages only
RedHat Enterprise Linux 4 - source packages only
White Box Linux 3
White Box Linux 4
Centos Linux 3
Centos Linux 4
Centos Linux 5


This is example how to build RPM package from source package (libaio-0.3.96-3.src.rpm). Note gcc, make and rpm-build (and dependent) packages must be already installed on your system.
# rpm -ivh libaio-0.3.96-3.src.rpm
# cd /usr/src/redhat/SPECS/
# rpmbuild -bb --target i386 libaio.spec
# cd ../RPMS/i386/


Install the required packages using the rpm command:
# rpm -ivh <package_name>.rpm


2. Download the Oracle 10g release 2 (10.2.0.1.0) software from Oracle website.
Extract the files using following command: For 32bit installation archive
unzip 10201_database_linux32.zip

For 64bit installation archive
gunzip 10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio.gz
cpio -idmv <10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio

For RHEL 5, Centos 5: Modify database/install/oraparam.ini file and add "redhat-5" to "Certified Versions" section.
Example:
[Certified Versions]
Linux=redhat-3,SuSE-9,redhat-4,UnitedLinux-1.0,asianux-1,asianux-2,redhat-5


3. Start the Oracle software installation process.

Now the system is prepared for Oracle software installation. To start the installation process execute the following commands:
cd db/Disk1/
./runInstaller

Note: You may get "Warning" status during some pre-requisites checks. This will happen on RH EL 3 where Update 3 or 4 were not installed. You can continue in installation when you simply change the status as "User verified".

Post-Instalation Tasks

1. (Optional) Auto Startup and Shutdown of Database and Listener

Login as root and modify /etc/oratab file and change last character to Y for apropriate database.
ORCL:/opt/oracle/102:Y

As root user create new file "oracle" (init script for startup and shutdown the database) in /etc/init.d/ directory with following content:
#!/bin/bash
#
# oracle Init file for starting and stopping
# Oracle Database. Script is valid for 10g and 11g versions.
#
# chkconfig: 35 80 30
# description: Oracle Database startup script

# Source function library.

. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

ORACLE_OWNER="oracle"
ORACLE_HOME="/opt/oracle/102"

case "$1" in
start)
echo -n $"Starting Oracle DB:"
su - $ORACLE_OWNER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart $ORACLE_HOME"
echo "OK"
;;
stop)
echo -n $"Stopping Oracle DB:"
su - $ORACLE_OWNER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbshut $ORACLE_HOME"
echo "OK"
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop}"
esac

Execute (as root) following commands (First script change the permissions, second script is configuring execution for specific runlevels):
chmod 750 /etc/init.d/oracle
chkconfig --add oracle --level 0356

2. (Optional) Auto Startup and Shutdown of Enterprise Manager Database Control

As root user create new file "oraemctl" (init script for startup and shutdown EM DB Console) in /etc/init.d/ directory with following content:

Shakti — Hai Bhakti Hai Mahabharat Instrumental Ringtone Download

This is an intriguing query because it juxtaposes three profoundly different elements: , devotion (Bhakti) , the epic Mahabharat , and a mundane technological action—downloading an instrumental ringtone.

At first glance, the phrase “Shakti hai, Bhakti hai, Mahabharat instrumental ringtone download” appears to be a random string of keywords, likely copied from a search engine or a ringtone website’s metadata. However, a deeper essay can be written on the cultural subconscious this phrase reveals. Let us deconstruct it. 1. The Mantra-like Nature of the Phrase “Shakti hai, Bhakti hai” (There is power, there is devotion) echoes the cadence of a shloka or a bhajan . In traditional Hinduism, these two forces are the twin engines of the cosmos: Shakti is the dynamic, primordial energy that creates and destroys; Bhakti is the loving surrender that channels that energy. When a user types this phrase, they are not just listing words—they are invoking a theological duality. The fact that it precedes “Mahabharat instrumental ringtone download” suggests that for the modern user, the epic has become a vessel for both Shakti (the raw, dramatic power of war and dharma) and Bhakti (the emotional devotion to characters like Krishna, Arjuna, or Karna). 2. The Mahabharat as Sonic Theology The Mahabharat is not just a story; it is a soundscape . The iconic 1988 B.R. Chopra television series, and its later reincarnations, came with a background score that fused classical Indian instruments (sitars, tablas, flutes) with orchestral grandeur. That instrumental theme is instantly recognizable. For millions of Indians, hearing those first few notes is a Pavlovian trigger for reverence, nostalgia, and moral gravity. This is an intriguing query because it juxtaposes

Why would someone want this as a ringtone? Because a ringtone is a modern aural mantra . In a noisy world, you choose a sound that aligns with your identity. Choosing the Mahabharat instrumental is an act of —devotion to the epic’s values. But it is also an act of Shakti —asserting one’s presence, announcing that the call you are about to take is as important as the Kurukshetra war. 3. The Contradiction of “Download” Here lies the irony. True Shakti and Bhakti in the traditional sense are not downloadable. You cannot acquire grace or energy via MP3. Yet, the digital age has democratized the sacred. The phrase exposes a deep anthropological shift: ritual has become retrieval. The act of downloading is the new pilgrimage. Instead of walking to a temple, you type a string into Google. Instead of chanting, you set a ringtone. The “instrumental” nature is crucial—it removes the distraction of lyrics, leaving behind pure bhava (emotion). The user wants the essence of the Mahabharat, stripped of language, ready to interrupt their daily life. 4. The Instrumental as a Call to Dharma Every time the phone rings, the Mahabharat theme plays. What is that ring? It is a reminder of duty ( svadharma ). Just as Arjuna hesitated before the battle, your phone’s ring forces a choice: to answer or not. The epic’s central conflict—between familial love and cosmic duty—becomes, in miniature, the conflict of every phone call. The ringtone is a call to arms, not of violence, but of presence. It says: “Shakti hai (there is power in this moment), Bhakti hai (there is devotion required in your response).” 5. The Search Query as a Modern Shloka Finally, consider the user who typed this exact string. They did not type “Mahabharat theme song download.” They typed the theological claim first: Shakti hai, Bhakti hai. This reveals that for them, the ringtone is not merely a sound file; it is a theological statement. The search engine has become a guru, and the download button is the darshan . The instrumental ringtone is their portable temple. Conclusion “Shakti hai, Bhakti hai, Mahabharat instrumental ringtone download” is not nonsense. It is a prayer for the 21st century—a prayer spoken in the language of keywords. It captures the Hindu genius for absorbing technology into spirituality. The ringtone is the new yantra (instrument), the download is the new mantra (incantation), and the phone is the new battlefield of Kurukshetra. Every time the phone rings, the user hears the call of the Gita: “Arise, O son of Kunti, and fight.” Only now, the fight is to pick up before the call goes to voicemail. Shakti hai. Bhakti hai. Download is. And so is the war within. Let us deconstruct it


Execute (as root) following commands (First script change the permissions, second script is configuring execution for specific runlevels):
chmod 750 /etc/init.d/oraemctl
chkconfig --add oraemctl --level 0356

3. (Optional) You may consider to use rlwrap for comfortable work with sqlplus and rman utility.
RPM package for RedHat compatible (x86) distribution you can download here.
RPM package for RedHat compatible (x86_64) distribution you can download here.
su -
# rpm -ivh rlwrap*.rpm
# exit
echo "alias sqlplus='rlwrap sqlplus'" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo "alias adrci='rlwrap rman'" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
. /home/oracle/.bash_profile


Common Installation Errors

DISPLAY not set. Please set the DISPLAY and try again.
Solution: Execute "export DISPLAY=:0.0" when you perform installtion on local machine or "export DISPLAY=:0.0 when you perform installation on remote machine connected over SSH". Don't forget to execute "xhost +" command on client machine.

Exception java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: /tmp/OraInstall2005-07-07_09-40-45AM/jre/1.4.2/lib/i386/libawt.so: libXp.so.6: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory occurred.. java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: /tmp/OraInstall2005-07-07_09-40-45AM/jre/1.4.2/lib/i386/libawt.so: libXp.so.6: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
Solution: RH 3, WB 3, Centos 3 - Install the XFree86-libs-4.3.0-81.EL.i386.rpm and dependent packages.
RH 4, WB 4, Centos 4 - Install the xorg-x11-deprecated-libs-6.8.2-1.EL.13.6.i386.rpm package.
RH 5, OEL 5, Centos 5 - Install the libXp-1.0.0-8.1.el5.i386.rpm package.

error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
Solution: Install libaio and libaio-devel packages. If packages already installed and error still occurs try execute "ldconfig" as root.

Check complete. The overall result of this check is: Failed <<<<
Solution: Install missing package or set check system parameters (See reason of failure).


Comments, suggestions, questions, errors (also grammatical :) )? Feel free to contact me.